| Ambos lados, revisión anteriorRevisión previaPróxima revisión | Revisión previa |
| en:companias:ocean_software_ltd [2026/05/20 05:24] – jesus | en:companias:ocean_software_ltd [2026/05/20 05:34] (actual) – jesus |
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| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>NAME:</span><span class="dato-valor">Ocean Software Ltd. / Ocean of America, Inc.</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">NAME:</span><span class="dato-valor">Ocean Software Ltd. / Ocean of America, Inc.</span></div> |
| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>ORIGIN:</span><span class="dato-valor">Manchester, England (United Kingdom)</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">ORIGIN:</span><span class="dato-valor">Manchester, England (United Kingdom)</span></div> |
| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>FOUNDATION:</span><span class="dato-valor">1983 (by David Ward and Jon Woods)</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">FUNDACIÓN:</span><span class="dato-valor">1983 (by David Ward and Jon Woods)</span></div> |
| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>STATUS:</span><span class="dato-valor">Acquired by Infogrames (1996) / Dissolved (1998)</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">ESTATUS:</span><span class="dato-valor">Acquired by Infogrames (1996) / Dissolved (1998)</span></div> |
| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>SPECIALTY:</span><span class="dato-valor">Video Game Development and Distribution</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">ESPECIALIDAD:</span><span class="dato-valor">Video Game Development and Distribution</span></div> |
| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>SYSTEMS:</span><span class="dato-valor">ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, MSX, Commodore 64, Atari ST, Amiga, PC, NES, SNES</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">WEB OFICIAL:</span><span class="dato-valor">Ocean Wiki Profile</span></div> |
| <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">A>FOUNDERS:</span><span class="dato-valor">David Ward and Jon Woods</span></div> | <div class="dato-linea"><span class="dato-etiqueta">FUNDADORES:</span><span class="dato-valor">David Ward and Jon Woods</span></div> |
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| <!-- ORIGINAL WIKI TEXT PRESERVED IN ENGLISH --> | <!-- ORIGINAL WIKI TEXT TRANSLATED TO ENGLISH --> |
| <p>Ocean Software (Ocean Software Ltd. u Ocean of America, Inc.) fue uno de las más grandes desarrolladores de videojuegos en Europa. La empresa fue fundada por David Ward y Jon Woods. Estuvo situada en el seis de Central Street, Manchester. Ocean desarrolló docenas de juegos para distintos sistemas como el ZX Spectrum Amstrad CPC, MSX,Commodore 64, Atari ST, miga, PC y juegos para consolas como la NES y la SNES. Los primeros proyectos de Ocean (High Noon y Gilligan's Gold) fueron desarrollados en 1984 en la propia compañía. A finales de 1984,Ocean adquiere su anterior rival en Liverpool, la difunta desarrolladora de software Imagine, y se centra en el desarrollo y distribución de juegos. En 1984, Ocean acuerda un trato con Konami para adaptar sus juegos arcades a los microordenadores.</p> | <p>Ocean Software (Ocean Software Ltd. or Ocean of America, Inc.) was one of the largest video game developers in Europe. The company was founded by David Ward and Jon Woods. It was located at number six, Central Street, Manchester. Ocean developed dozens of games for different systems such as the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, MSX, Commodore 64, Atari ST, Amiga, PC, and games for consoles like the NES and SNES. The first projects of Ocean (High Noon and Gilligan's Gold) were developed in 1984 within the company itself. At the end of 1984, Ocean acquired its former rival in Liverpool, the defunct software developer Imagine, and focused on game development and distribution. In 1984, Ocean agreed to a deal with Konami to adapt its arcade games to microcomputers.</p> |
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| <div class="pcw-expansion-title">A>Verified Historical Expansion</div> | <div class="pcw-expansion-title">Verified Historical Expansion</div> |
| <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;">The company was originally born under the name <em>Spectrum Games</em> in 1983. Due to trademark confusions with the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer, the founders renamed it to <a href="https://wikipedia.org" class="link-editorial">Ocean Software Ltd.</a> within a few months. The absorption of Imagine Software at the end of 1984 was a masterclass in strategy: while internal developments and movie licenses were published under the Ocean label, arcade conversion contracts with Konami were launched under the Imagine brand, effectively doubling their market presence on store shelves.</p> | <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;">The company was originally born under the name Spectrum Games in 1983. Due to trademark confusions with the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer, the founders renamed it to Ocean Software Ltd. within a few months. The absorption of Imagine Software at the end of 1984 was a masterclass in strategy: while internal developments and movie licenses were published under the Ocean label, arcade conversion contracts with Konami were launched under the Imagine brand, effectively doubling their market presence on store shelves.</p> |
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| <p>En 1985, Ocean obtuvo las primeras licencias de películas como Rambo, Cortocorticuto, Cobra y Miami Vice. | <p>In 1985, Ocean obtained the first licenses for movies such as Rambo, Short Circuit, Cobra, and Miami Vice. In 1986, it signed an alliance with Taito to produce home versions of its arcade games, including titles like Arkanoid and Green Beret. In 1987, Ocean distributed original games after a vast amount of license-based titles, creating Head over Heels, Match Day II, and Wizball, which are considered classics by old-school players. The last game produced by Ocean was GT 64: Championship Edition in 1998 for the Nintendo 64. Ocean acquired Digital Image Design in 1998. Ocean was acquired by Infogrames in 1998 for £100,000,000 and renamed to Infogrames UK.</p> |
| En 1986, firma una alianza con Taito para realizar versiones caseras de sus juegos arcades, de juegos como Arkanoid y Green Beret. | |
| En 1987, Ocean distribuye juegos originales, después de una gran cantidad de juegos basados en licencias, realizando Head over Heels, Match Day II y Wizball, considerados como clásicos por jugadores de la vieja escuela. | |
| El último juego realizado por Ocean fue GT 64: Championship Edition en 1998 para la Nintendo 64. | |
| Ocean adquiere Digital Image Design en 1998. | |
| Ocean fue adquirida por Infogrames en 1998 por £100,000,000 y renombrada a Infogrames UK.</p> | |
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| <div class="pcw-expansion-title">A>Historical Clarifications and Accurate Chronology</div> | <div class="pcw-expansion-title">Historical Clarifications and Accurate Chronology</div> |
| <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;"><strong>Acquisition accuracy:</strong> Official financial logs confirm that French publisher <a href="https://c64-wiki.com" class="link-editorial">Infogrames acquired Ocean Software in 1996</a> for £100 million. The 1998 milestone marks the point when Infogrames dropped the historical "Ocean" brand entirely to legally rename the UK division as <em>Infogrames UK</em>. Additionally, the final game developed directly under the Ocean logo was <em>Mission: Impossible</em> (Nintendo 64) in 1998, while <em>GT 64</em> was published during this transitional phase.</p> | <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;"><strong>Acquisition accuracy:</strong> Official financial logs confirm that French publisher Infogrames acquired Ocean Software in 1996 for £100 million. The 1998 milestone marks the point when Infogrames dropped the historical "Ocean" brand entirely to legally rename the UK division as Infogrames UK. Additionally, the final game developed directly under the Ocean logo was Mission: Impossible (Nintendo 64) in 1998, while GT 64 was published during this transitional phase.</p> |
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| <p>Una de los características más reconocidas de los juegos de Ocean durante la era 8-bits fue el Ocean Loader. Como la mayoría de los ordenadores utilizaban casetes para almacenar los juegos, cargar un juego podía tardar varios minutos. Ocean utilizó un sistema especial para cargar que mostraba una imagen y sonaba música (sólo en Commodore 64) mientras el juego estaba cargando.</p> | <p>One of the most recognized features of Ocean's games during the 8-bit era was the Ocean Loader. Since most computers used cassettes to store games, loading a game could take several minutes. Ocean used a special loading system that displayed an image and played music (only on the Commodore 64) while the game was loading.</p> |
| <p>La música del cargador de Ocean todavía es popular entre los fans de los chiptunes. Existieron cinco tonos; el 1º y 2º fueron compuestos por Martin Galway, el 3º por Peter Clarke, el 4º y el 5º por Jonathan Dunn. El primer juego que utilizó el cargador de Ocean fue el Hypersports. Hasta 1987 el cargador de Ocean fue escrito en caso por el programador de Ocean Bill Barna, desde 1987 hasta finales de la vida comercial del Commodore 64, el cargador fue reemplazado por “Freeload”, escrito por el programador de la casa Paul Hughes.</p> | <p>The music from the Ocean loader remains popular among chiptune fans. Five tunes existed; the 1st and 2nd were composed by Martin Galway, the 3rd by Peter Clarke, and the 4th and 5th by Jonathan Dunn. The first game to use the Ocean loader was Hyper Sports. Until 1987, the Ocean loader was mostly written in code by Ocean programmer Bill Barna; from 1987 until the end of the Commodore 64's commercial lifespan, the loader was replaced by "Freeload", written by in-house programmer Paul Hughes.</p> |
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| <div class="pcw-expansion-title">A>Technical Details and Code Rectifications</div> | <div class="pcw-expansion-title">Technical Details and Code Rectifications</div> |
| <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;"><strong>Dates and Loading Routines:</strong> The original text error <em>"escrito en caso"</em> translates to the loader being entirely written in Assembly machine code by Bill Barna. The first game to feature it was <em>Hyper Sports</em>. When Barna unexpectedly left the company in 1987, he left the tape protection routines undocumented. Programmer <a href="http://pauliehughes.com" class="link-editorial">Paul Hughes completely rewrote the code</a>, creating the <em>"Freeload"</em> system, which served as the rock-solid standard for all subsequent Ocean tapes, disks, and compilations until the end of the C64 era.</p> | <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;"><strong>Dates and Loading Routines:</strong> The original text error translates to the loader being entirely written in Assembly machine code by Bill Barna. The first game to feature it was Hyper Sports. When Barna unexpectedly left the company in 1987, he left the tape protection routines undocumented. Programmer Paul Hughes completely rewrote the code, creating the "Freeload" system, which served as the rock-solid standard for all subsequent Ocean tapes, disks, and compilations until the end of the C64 era.</p> |
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| <p>Ocean estuvo relacionada con algunos juegos producidos en España, principalmente por motivos de licencias y distribución, tales como Emilio Butragueño ¡Fútbol! o algunos juegos de Dinamic, distribuidos en U.K., como Army Moves.</p> | <p>Ocean was involved with some games produced in Spain, mainly for licensing and distribution reasons, such as Emilio Butragueño ¡Fútbol! or certain games by Dinamic distributed in the U.K., like Army Moves.</p> |
| <p>La práctica totalidad de títulos producidos por Ocean fueron publicados en nuestro país por Erbe.</p> | <p>Virtually all titles produced by Ocean were published in our country by Erbe.</p> |
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| <div class="pcw-expansion-title">A>Context of the Golden Age of Spanish Software</div> | <div class="pcw-expansion-title">Context of the Golden Age of Spanish Software</div> |
| <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;">The commercial alliance between Ocean and Erbe Software was highly lucrative, importing blockbuster titles at budget cassette pricing. Meanwhile, the international distribution deal with Dinamic for <em>Army Moves</em> in the UK placed Spanish development into the top sales charts of major British computing magazines, proving the global maturity of Spanish coders.</p> | <p style="font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0;">The commercial alliance between Ocean and Erbe Software was highly lucrative, importing blockbuster titles at budget cassette pricing. Meanwhile, the international distribution deal with Dinamic for Army Moves in the UK placed Spanish development into the top sales charts of major British computing magazines, proving the global maturity of Spanish coders.</p> |
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| <div class="pcw-section-title">A>Historical Preservation Sites</div> | <div class="pcw-section-title">Historical Preservation Sites</div> |
| <div class="pcw-index-tree"> | <div class="pcw-index-tree"> |
| <span class="index-item-main">A>Headquarters: 6 Central Street, Manchester</span> | <span class="index-item-main">Headquarters: 6 Central Street, Manchester</span> |
| <span class="index-subitem">Exact address contained within the original wiki text (Postal Code M2 5NS). The building was the landmark <em>Quaker Meeting House</em>, originally erected in 1828. Ocean initially occupied the top floor before spreading throughout the property.</span> | <span class="index-subitem">Exact address contained within the original wiki text (Postal Code M2 5NS). The building was the landmark Quaker Meeting House, originally erected in 1828. Ocean initially occupied the top floor before spreading throughout the property.</span> |
| <span class="index-item-main">A>International Offices: Ocean of America, Inc.</span> | <span class="index-item-main">International Offices: Ocean of America, Inc.</span> |
| <span class="index-subitem">American subsidiary opened to coordinate specific cartridge releases and conversions in the Western console market.</span> | <span class="index-subitem">American subsidiary opened to coordinate specific cartridge releases and conversions in the Western console market.</span> |
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